Defending The Morality Of Violent Video Games - 1486 Words

Violent video games are a very controversial subject in our world today. Video games have been around for years now dating all the way back to the early 1970s. The first gaming console the Atari was invented by a man that went by the name of Nolan Bushnell who also created computer space (Tyson, 2000). The very first violent video game that was acknowledged in the gaming world was Death Race, also considered to be a â€Å"Murder Simulator† created in 1976 (Mackey, 2015). In this research paper I will be acknowledging how historical perspectives and theories add to the controversy of violent video gaming, also on how playing violence in video games can manifest delinquent behavior in adolescents. I will also be defending the morality of violent†¦show more content†¦Research shows that just about ninety percent of these games contain some violent material, and forty percent of these games reveal hostility towards characters (Glaubke et al., 2001). In our world today, most individuals will speculate that letting adolescents indulge in these types of games will only cause harm and nothing ever good will ever uproot from it. For example, after looking into 136 research studies, (Anderson, 2010) observed that being exposed to violence within video games was connected with increased levels of hostile behavior, hostile cognition, hostile affect, and loss in prosocial behavior (Anderson, 2010). Adolescents with higher levels aggression tend to lean towards playing more violent video games rather that nonviolent video games. According to (Exelmans, Custers, Van den Bulck, 2015) The general aggression model â€Å"GAM† is a social cognitive model that describes the short- and long-term effects of exposure to media violence on aggressive behavior (Exelmans,Custers, Van de n Bulck, 2015). The GAM consists of a three-stage process. The first stage expresses, trait hostility and being apparent to violence expressed through media content could influence the access of hostile thoughts and emotions (Exelmans, Custers, Van den Bulck, 2015). The next stage, consists of a process taking place that can result in hostile behavior carrying over into the next episode cycle (Exelmans, Custers, Van den Bulck, 2015). The Short-termShow MoreRelatedDefending Violent Video Games in Adolescents1218 Words   |  5 PagesDo parents know what violent video games their children are playing? Playing violent games is nontoxic, exciting fun, and no more harmful than watching something graphic on television. This is an arguable point, and people want to know if violence shown in video games cause aggression, violent actions, bullying, or weapon skills. The answer to this is a no-brainer; most parents go about their busy lives and leave their children unsupervised when the se activities are taking place. If parents areRead MoreThe True Behavior Of Violent Video Game Players1305 Words   |  6 Pages24, 2015 The True Behavior of Violent Video Game Players In October 1958, a Physicist named William Higinbotham successfully created the first interactive computer software purely for entertainment; a simple idea of two panels bouncing a dot between one another. This was later rebranded as the famous title Pong, the original that Higinbotham created was generated on an oscilloscope, which is a small computer designed to test electrical equipment. Today, video games are huge in terms of consumerRead MoreReal World Violence And Video Games1513 Words   |  7 PagesReal-World Violence and Video Games From news outlets, to politicians, to parents: when tragedies occur they place the blame on many different sources. After the Sandy Hook shooting, media networks fiercely debated whether or not video games played a part in the shooter’s motives, as he had played games from the notorious Grand Theft Auto series prior to the shooting. Some even suggested banning video games outright, despite the fact that other mediums that can portray violence, such as moviesRead MoreViolent Video Game Effects On Aggression3491 Words   |  14 Pages Violent Video Game Effects on Aggression Delaney Granger William Jewell College Author Note Delaney Granger, William Jewell College This research was completed to fulfill requirements for a Psychology Capstone course instructed by Dr. Ray Owens. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Delaney Granger, Psychology Department, William Jewell College, Liberty, MO 64068. E-mail: grangerde@william.jewell.edu â€Æ' Abstract The effect of violent video games has constantly beenRead MoreGive a Boy a Gun - Characters1301 Words   |  6 Pagesinterest in defending them. But deep in my heart there is a little piece of me that at least understands what might have driven them to such a horrendous, evil undertaking. But what those boys did was equally inexcusable and evil. Brett Betzig – Brendan’s friend in Springfield. Citation: One thing about Brendan: He hated injustice (Page 22) Deidre Bunson – student on the Middletown high school Paul Burns – Football player. Citation: One day in class we were talking about morality, and BrendanRead MoreThe Hunger Games By Suzanne Collins3514 Words   |  15 PagesThe Hunger Games is a science fiction, dystopian post-apocalyptic series that takes place in a futuristic North American nation called Panem. The film series is based on the novel series of the same title written by Suzanne Collins. Many who watch the films view them as an action-packed adventure series, but The Hunger Games, like many other dystopian films, feature social and political subjects that relate back to past and present culture. Dystopian films like the Hunger Games provide messages,Read MoreEssay about Rape Culture: Are Women Asking for It?1698 Words   |  7 PagesHis music, and thousands of other songs like his, is filling the ears of impressionable youth and naà ¯ve adults, permeating their minds with horrible ideas. The United States has over twenty-five hundred strip clubs, and thousands of pornographic videos are being released each year (Katz 21). This is not a society that respects women and their bodies. Instead, it is one that teaches men of every age that it is acceptable to look at a woman as though she is a piece of meat because that is what happensRead MoreBullying Affects Adolescent Development3904 Words   |  16 PagesIt is also known that bystanders play an important role in encouraging or discouraging the bully. Bystanders can be active by laughing and cheering on the bully or they can be passive by doing nothing. Bystanders can also take on the role of defending the victim (Lodge Frydenberg, 2005). For the purpose of this study, I looked at active bystanders and those who help the victim. Developmental Overview It is useful to think of peer bullying in the context of adolescent development. AlthoughRead MoreSMSC12647 Words   |  51 Pages(Galatians 5.22–23) Just as in spiritual development, the issues here are concerned with opportunities for pupils to consider how best they can reflect on moral issues and apply them to their own lives. One of the problems today is defining Christian morality for a contemporary society where social norms have changed. There are many dilemmas to be faced but doing what is right for right s sake, rather than through fear of accountability, is the foundation of moral development. Other moral qualities suchRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages..................................................................... 220 Exercises .......................................................................................................................................... 220 CHAPTER 7 Defending Against Deception ............................................................................. 226 Deception Is All Around Us ............................................................................................................. 227 Exaggeration

Stride Toward Freedom Free Essays

Identical Thought in â€Å"Patient† and â€Å"Topic of Cancer† Once I was exposed to reading â€Å"Patient† and â€Å"Topic of Cancer† I put myself in Christopher Hitchers and Rachel Reedier shoes and realized how humor, can be used in a horrendous situation. Not everyone may know what a cancer patient has to go through but as days go by everyone has been through a situation that cannot handle on his or her own. By reading these two articles, I automatically had a mental mage of what and how the narrator felt. We will write a custom essay sample on Stride Toward Freedom or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the article, â€Å"Patient†, Reedier is trying to lighten the mood by using humor throughout the whole article. Both articles have multiple similarities that have personal anecdotes that explain their life story. The articles are similar with Hitchers and Reedier with the use of tone in the â€Å"Patient† and â€Å"Topic of Cancer† through humor, images and horrible situations. Humor can be comical in many situations, but in the â€Å"Patient† and â€Å"Topic of Cancer†, the authors indicate the reader that pain can be a wholesome situation. In the article, â€Å"Patient† a teenager was hit by a bus and later on was informed that her leg may need to be amputated. The author uses phrases saying, â€Å"l feel like I got hit by a bus† to show his expression on how he truly feels about this situation (Reedier 166). Hitchers, the author of the â€Å"Topic of Cancer† expresses humor throughout the article in ways of saying, â€Å"The chest hair that was once the toast of two continents hasn’t yet wilted, but so much of it was shaved off for various hospital incisions that it’s a rather patchy affair† (Hitchers 88). Hitchers is expressing how he has lost all of his hair, and he can still look at it in a humorous way (The Best American Essays). Reedier and Hitchers explain how situations like these can be engaged in many different ways. Anyone can take these essays as serious as possible but can also take them as a humorous situation. As Reedier and Hitchers went through the essays, the narrator explained how they had struggled through their situation and still found positive attitude. Reedier uses a positive attitude by saying, â€Å"It is easy to be calm cause I cannot really have been run over by a bus† (Reedier 165). As horrible as the situation may sound the narrator makes it out to be not as bad is it seems to be. Hitchers explains how the situation needs to be in a positive way, â€Å"l sometimes wish I were suffering in a good cause, or risk my life for the good of others, instead of being a gravely endangered patient† (Hitchers 88). The narrator expresses how she would rather be suffering for a good reason instead of being in the hospital with cancer (The Best American Essays). Both of the articles prove that you can fight through any kind of injury or disease no matter how critical the situation can accrue. The narrator shows his faith by saying, â€Å"She would make the driver move that bus, but I can’t see her† (Reedier 165). In the â€Å"Topic of Cancer† Hutchins shows, how he feels about his conditions and diagnoses with the quote, â€Å"To the dumb question â€Å"Why me? † the cosmos barely bothers to return the reply: â€Å"Why not? † (86). He is obviously looking at his illness as a positive outcome when many people look at it as their life is over (The Best American Essays). Even though cancer can kill someone and losing a leg can cause death, both of the narrators kept a positive attitude. Both of the narrators start out by asking themselves â€Å"why me†, as the articles continue the â€Å"Patient† goes on living a healthy life, but in the article â€Å"Topic of Cancer† he is still fighting for his life. There are similarities throughout the stories showing the way they feel, and showing their emotions through humor but in the end there is a different outcome. How to cite Stride Toward Freedom, Papers

Marketing Is Both Art and Science Essay Sample free essay sample

I read a web log station the other twenty-four hours ( unluckily I didn’t copy the URL and I don’t retrieve which web log ) where person answered the good old selling inquiry being – â€Å"is selling art or science† . Let me state you. I am so tired of that inquiry. Let’s merely clear that inquiry one time and for all. I truly don’t see the point of inquiring it. Selling is scientific discipline and selling is art. Why is that you might inquire? Let me seek to come up with some points of both sides: Science: Selling is a scientific discipline because selling is about fulfilling clients demands. To understand client needs we need to develop scientific methods to larn about our clients and the demands they have. Besides. the market and consumers by and large behave in certain manners and trade with known variables. Porter’s five forces is a good illustration of this. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Is Both Art and Science Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These five forces determine the profitableness and behaviours within a market. The five forces being: competition within the industry. clients dickering power. providers dickering power. menace of entry of new rivals. menace of replacement merchandises. These forces shape the scheme of the company. Art: Reading the points under scientific discipline we might presume that selling is all about scientific discipline. but it is non. While we can foretell behaviours of consumers and the market by utilizing scientific methods. the determinations based on the scientific consequences are non ever correct. Take Coca-Cola for illustration. They did extended market research when developing a new merchandise – a new coke. The bulk of the participants in the research were really positive to the new coke. Management based their determination on these consequences and were certain of success when they launched the merchandise. What happened? It was a catastrophe. Peoples demanded the authoritative coke back. In fact. Coca-Cola had to relaunch the authoritative coke to the market because of the failure of the new coke. This shows that the scientific discipline of selling. even when being right within its footings it can be really incorrect in footings of selling. So to reason – selling is both a scientific discipline and art. This is why there are so large differences between sellers who win and those who do non win. On one side we have originative art managers seeking to utilize their originative accomplishments to make marketing – they normally fail because of being focused on creatively alone and non seeing the long-run image. And so we have the scientific market research workers. who stand by their Numberss and neer do a determination without exhaustively traveling through all options. These people make safe determinations. but besides incorrect determinations because they are slow of doing determinations – therefore rivals can acquire the upper manus – and they fail to see the kineticss within the market and the arbitrary psychological science of consumers. ECONOMIC TIMESBringing together this ultimate synthesis requires an apprehension of its roots. Science is the attempt to detect and increase human apprehension of how the physical universe works ; art is the procedure or merchandise of intentionally and creatively set uping elements in a manner that entreaties to the senses or emotions. One is focused on analytically understanding the universe ; the other creates new universes out of human imaginativeness. Science is contending against ignorance. uncertainness and ambiguity ; art’s enemies are bounds. obtuseness and sameness.

Watership Down Essay Research Paper Richard Adams free essay sample

Watership Down Essay, Research Paper Richard Adams # 8217 ; book was a favourite of mine turning up, likely because it had all the thaumaturgy and exhilaration of the best faery narratives, but it besides portrayed the natural universe good of course. I believed in the coneies and the brainsick sea gull that helped them, and I learned to appreciate the value and beauty of creative activity by concentrating on the predicament and hazard of these hapless animals in a huge and unsafe universe. These were non # 8220 ; bunnies # 8221 ; , sentimentalized furballs frolicing about and cantabile vocals. These were characters with the weight of Arthur and his Knights of the Round Table. Hazel is a troubled and loath leader, drawn to a despairing pursuit by his friend, the doormat called Fiver, who suffers hideous visions that shortly the coneies # 8217 ; community will be destroyed by world. With the aid of a brusque and burly soldier coney named Bigwig, they round up a group who of coneies who believe in them and fly their Warrens, go forthing behind them most of the community disbelieving and express joying at them. We will write a custom essay sample on Watership Down Essay Research Paper Richard Adams or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page On the route, they encounter a universe of dangers, possibly none more awful than other coneies who have different imposts. One peculiar Warren seems to be happy on the borders of a farm, fed by a husbandman. This spooks a few of Hazel # 8217 ; s pack, and when their intuitions prove true, it is a terrorizing disclosure so. And that # 8217 ; s merely the first half of the journey. The 2nd half becomes a tense, cliff-hanging quest to add females to their group, so they can get down a new place when they settle into their finish. The lone manner available to them, it seems, is to steal them from another Warren. And fortuitously ( or possibly unluckily ) for them, there are some females enduring in a cruel, military province Warrens non far off. This leads them out into the unsafe universe once more, opposing their marbless against the strength and barbarous tactics of General Woundwort, a scoundrel as memorable and fierce as Darth Vader. As a kid, I identified with the vulnerable heroes as they sought to happen their topographic point in the universe. As a adult, I am drawn into the mythology that Adams has chromium eated here, the compelling play that echo historical struggles in fascist provinces, and the eldritch bent he has for suspense. A batch of this is efficaciously preserved in the movie, as our heroes try to liberate the enslaved, laden females from the regimented society called Efrafa. And so, like C.S. Lewis # 8217 ; s The Chronicles of Narnia, Watership Down is a narrative I love to portion with friends of any age. The movie is exceeding in that it stays comparatively true to the strengths of the novel. It merely tells a narrative, and tells it attractively, winsomely, and creatively, without oversimplifying or redacting things to do it more of a traditional crowdpleaser. That gives it the advantage over Disney # 8217 ; s full alive catalogue, in my book. The life is strikingly realistic and elaborate ; I don # 8217 ; t intend realistic in the manner digital life can be realistic. It # 8217 ; s jittery in topographic points, much like Nipponese life. But that # 8217 ; s because it # 8217 ; s handpainted. And in its regard for the grace, colour, and natural behaviour of the countryside and of coneies, it is clear the energizers knew their topic. This is wholly appropriate. Adams himself was fascinated by the animals, and wrote an debut to a book called # 8220 ; The Private Life of the Rabbit. # 8221 ; Angela Morley # 8217 ; s music is a little-known hoarded wealth, a compelling escapade soundtrack with memorable subjects and a melodious quality that makes it an outstanding work in its ain right, more elegant even than the romantic subjects of John Williams. And the voices are good chosen. From John Hurt to Zero Mostel, they suit the characters absolutely. Mostel is particularly good, conveying attitude and energy to the important character of the injured chump, Keehar, who helps the coneies navigate. The film suffers merely from its ain ambitious project. Watership Down is a drawn-out novel, and to include everything would do for a cumbersome movie. The authors have adapted the book laudably, paring here and at that place while keeping the unity of the narrative. As a consequence, there are some disconnected passages between chapters, but merely fans of the book will detect the bumps. 324

How to Build a Modern PR Plan That Works With Marketing (Template)

How to Build a Modern PR Plan That Works With Marketing (Template) If youre at all like me, then one of your most recent experiences working on a standard press release might be that media relations class you took in college. Think about it. When was the last time your team sent a press release to a reporter, received some valuable coverage, and saw your site traffic boom? Or, on the other hand, when was the last time a cold email landed in your inbox that truly excited you about the possibilities within that strangers pitch? Public relations has undergone some major transitions. In fact, you could go so far as to say that todays PR doesnt look much at all like the PR of yesterday. Media and communications has always been an industry that moves quickly, and advances in technology and social media have escalated those moves. Add to that audiences increased expectations of trust, authenticity, and the rise of practices like content marketing, and its clear PR really had no choice but to evolve or become largely obsolete. Now, if you havent already, take a moment to lament all the hours you spent in your PR classes, drafting press releases and debating whether majoring in communications was a good idea. I feel for you - but not all is lost. A Word About : Did you know makes it possible to manage content, social, email, and more, all on one integrated marketing management calendar? Start your free trial or schedule a demo with an expert. Start With Your Free Modern Public Relations Plan Template This post offers tons of advice on creating a PR strategy that actually works concurrently with content marketing. But, did you know that marketers who document processes are 466% more likely to report success? Its true.  Ã‚  Thats why this post also includes a free PowerPoint template you can use to put this advice into practice, and document a plan you can execute. Get it free now, then read on.How to Build a Modern PR Plan That Works With Your Marketing by @natalieslyman via @What Modern PR Looks Like While PR looks different today than it did in the past, it still achieves similar goals. It's still press your company earns  in a third-party outlet, and it still helps you establish credibility, boost brand awareness, and extend your brand positioning. The biggest difference is in its execution. Modern PR is much less transactional and more relational than ever before. In the past, marketing and PR teams could trade templated press releases to reporters in hopes of some self-promotional writeup published by whoever would pick up the story. The new PR  is focused on your relationships with journalists, influencers, editors, and contributors at online publications and with the audiences you share with them. Trust is key, and it's earned by delivering valuable content to media contacts who can use it to provide value to their readers - the audience you're ultimately trying to reach. Audiences want engaging content from outlets they trust. When you pitch media contacts at those outlets truly valuable content and sources they can use to publish that engaging content (rather than stuffy, self-promotional releases), everyone wins. If some of this talk of "value" and "audience engagement" is ringing a bell to you, it's probably because content marketing focuses a lot on these things, too. Modern PR and content marketing are not one in the same, but content marketing has proven too effective for PR to ignore. That's why it's evolved beyond overt self-promotion en masse to offer more value - to audiences, media contacts, and the brands using modern PR alike. Below are seven essential steps to building and implementing a modern PR strategy for your company: Table of Contents: Building a PR Plan in 7 Steps Lay Out Your Brand Positioning Goals Identify the Outlets That Reach Your Audience Create Strategic, High-Quality Content Carefully Craft Your Pitches Develop (And Use) a Distribution Plan Keep Your Network Organized Don't Neglect Your Content Marketing1. Lay Out Your Brand Positioning Goals Most people understand PR as a tool to really supercharge buzz around a one-time event or product launch. It's something that can quickly get a lot of people excited for a short time before fizzling out after that event or launch concluded. It is absolutely still a good tool for that - but how many events, launches, or other truly newsworthy events do you expect to happen in a year's time? Your company is doing important work for clients every day. How are your PR efforts elevating that work and, therefore, your brand overall? PR can also be used to help generate and sustain brand awareness, interest, and credibility that don't have an expiration date. PR can help generate brand awareness, interest, and credibility that don't have an expiration dateTo do this, start considering the bigger picture of how you want your audience to see your brand. How do you want your brand to be seen? What do you want to be known as an expert in? What feelings do you want your brand to inspire in your audience? Look beyond short-term goals for event registrants or demo sign-ups, and think about how you want to position yourself in front of your target audience. When you know how you want to be seen, you can better identify the outlets, writers, and editors that can help reinforce that brand image. Action Item: Develop an effective branding strategy and understand where you fit in the marketplace. Start with this detailed guide from Jordan Loftis. 2. Identify the Outlets That Reach Your Audience Your audience is looking for content that's informative, engaging, and published on sites it trusts - like reputable online publications in their industry. Historically, publications were managed by journalists and traditional reporters and staff writers. But audience demand for that informative, engaging content has risen, and those outlets have grown their networks to include content from other sources, too, like industry leaders, experts, and individual contributors. To position your brand in front of the right audience, identify where they're getting their content. Which industry influencers, thought leaders, journalists, and editors do they trust? What outlets do they love? Start compiling a list of potential publications and contacts to pitch that align with your brand positioning goals and reach your audience. Action Item: Use Buzzsumo to identify influential media outlets and journalists. 3. Create Strategic, High-Quality Content Now, if you're not sending out press releases to those contacts you've listed, what exactly are you pitching? Content. This content is part of your PR efforts, so you might think it has to be really self-promotional to make the impact you're looking for. But that's not what modern PR is about. It's about value to your audience and your media contacts - which translates into value for your brand. When our team surveyed publication editors about the biggest problems they have with the content they're pitched, 79 percent  said content is too promotional and 56 percent said it isn't a fit for their readership. So, as you're creating content to pitch editors and other contacts, ask yourself: Does this content align with my company’s goals? Does it add value to readers? Does it align with the tone, topics, and opinions expressed in the publication I'm pitching? A good way to test whether the content you've created is as beneficial to your contact and your audience as it is to your PR goals is to remove your company completely from the content. If a quote or link or mention you've included about yourself can be removed without really affecting the piece, then it probably doesn't add much value. If the piece loses value when you do this, then you know that whatever you've included about your company enhances the quality of the content, which is good news for everyone involved. It's important here to note that not every media contact is going to want to receive a pitch with a full article attached. The content you're creating here can be a full article for the publication of one of the contacts you're reaching out to. It can also be the outline of an article, or it can be a summary and key points. Regardless of the content formatting your contact prefers to receive, remember to avoid overt self-promotion, and keep it relevant to the outlet's tone and topics. Action Item: Develop a full understanding of how guest blogging works with this excellent interview with Jeff Ostroff of Don't Panic Management. Then, follow this guide on developing high-quality content. 4. Carefully Craft Your Pitches Your pitches should be created with as much care as the actual content you create - because if your pitches get deleted, your content goes with it. Take the time to research your points of contact, customize your emails to demonstrate your message is worth reading, and remember the following points as you pitch your media contacts: Get Specific These people likely receive plenty of pitches - why does it make sense for them to accept yours? To make your case, include a few key points from your content, in addition to an overall angle, article summary, and title suggestions. You should also provide an explanation of your company and any subject matter experts and sources included in your content. This helps your contact understand who you are, why you're a valuable, trustworthy source, and why your inclusion in this content is an important addition that can enhance audience engagement. Respect Their Schedules and Expectations Your contacts aren't just watching their inboxes, waiting for a pitch from you. They are incredibly busy. They're creating their own content, collaborating with other writers and brands, and they're working on tight deadlines. Their time is valuable, and when you're asking them to fork over even a little bit of it, you must respect it by proving to them you care about more than just what's in it for you. Lay the Groundwork for a Relationship Modern PR isn't about quick, one-time wins; it's more relational than transactional. Be friendly, personable, and patient in your communication, and offer to revise or refine any content if needed. A good relationship benefits you both (and the audiences you share), and it's up to you to lay that foundation in your outreach. Action Item: Follow this guide and template to make every pitch perfect. 5. Develop (and Use) a Distribution Plan Let's say your pitch goes well. This journalist or editor or influencer loves your idea and decides to use you as a source in an article he or she publishes. This is typically the exciting part, but it doesn't mean your work is done. You can't rely on these contacts to distribute this content for you. You have to do your part in maximizing press and getting this content to as many people as possible. Thankfully, there are so many ways to distribute content. Consider: sending an email to your team with a request for them to share it on social media. sharing this content on your company's social media accounts. encouraging your sales team to send it to leads and in other outreach. putting some paid promotion behind it. adding it to your email signature. including an "As Seen On" badge on your site. including it in your newsletters or drip campaigns. These are just some  suggestions. You know your audience best, so use every avenue you have to deliver this content to them. The important thing is that you don't just sit on any content or press once it goes live. Sharing it with your audience helps you, as well as the contact who helped secure it. Action Item: Two places to start sharing your content include social media and your email list. 6. Keep Your Network Organized This approach to modern PR isn't a one-and-done tactic. Obviously, pitching the same content to the same contacts isn't the idea here, but maintaining your relationships is critical. You don't want to work with a contact of yours to place content and then ghost them as soon as you've gotten your press. When you're implementing this plan, you'll want to organize and manage your own network. I recommend starting small with a simple spreadsheet that you and other members of your marketing and PR teams can contribute to. This gives you a centralized place to store information about your media contacts, including: Names Email addresses Twitter handles Publication names Tone Topic And other content guidelines, and pitch preferences. This will help you easily identify who you should reach out to with different kinds of content, which is key to maintaining good relationships. It can also serve as a place to record your outreach and keep your relationship status updated, so you know how often you're connecting with various people in your network and if any contact information changes. Once you have a way of seeing what everyone's wants, needs, and goals are, it's much easier to meet them - or to make strategic introductions to other sources you know could potentially help out these journalists and editors. Bottom line:  If you want to secure mentions of your brand and deliver quality content to your audience, then you need to build and manage of a robust network of contacts. A spreadsheet is as good a place to start as any. Action Item: You can find a free Google Sheets template to create your spreadsheet here. 7. Don't Neglect Your Content Marketing Remember previously when I addressed how similar some aspects of this modern PR are to content marketing? Well, modern PR and content marketing may share some ideas, but that doesn't mean either can act as a substitute for the other. The honest truth is that an effective PR plan today is one that works alongside a robust content marketing strategy. Public relations and content marketing  work so well together because they fuel one another. Your content marketing can generate press coverage, which can fuel your content marketing, which can ... you see where this goes. Your content can be your foot in the door to PR opportunities. It helps you build your brand as a leader in your space, which can help you grab the attention and interest of journalists, influencers, and other members of the press. Your content can be your foot in the door to PR opportunities.Think about it: Would a journalist or influencer be more willing to accept a pitch from someone who's been consistently creating content in their industry and building their brand, or someone who's never created any content? Plus, surrounding your brand with expert content can even lead to press opportunities you don't pitch yourself - ones that emerge organically, that come as a result of your industry expertise. And on the other side of the spectrum PR can amplify your on-site content because it directs more people to it. More people in your audience who see your company mentioned in the press can find their way to your site where they can explore even more content and continue engaging with your brand. These two work too well together to skimp on either. Maximize your modern PR strategy by continuing to invest in your content marketing. Action Item: Read these resources to do better content marketing: How to Build a Content Marketing Strategy You'll Actually Use (Free Template) The Best Way to Get Organized With a Content Marketing Editorial Calendar (Free Template) How to Choose the Best Content Marketing Platform Ready to Master Modern PR? You may not have learned about this evolution of public relations in college, but I'd say if you've made it all the way through this post, you've kind of taken a master class in modern PR. Your PR practices don't have to continue down an outdated and old-fashioned path that shortchanges your brand, your media contacts, and your audience members. It's time to get on board with modern PR, and these steps will help ensure it's an easy transition.

Complete Study Guide SAT US History Subject Test

Complete Study Guide SAT US History Subject Test SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Alexander Hamilton, Lucretia Mott, Frederick Douglass, and Rosa Parks- these are a few of the important historical figures you might encounter on the SAT US History Subject Test. This complete study guide will tell you everything you need to know for SAT US History, how you can prepare, and where to find the best practice questions to start prepping. To help you find the exact info on the US History Subject Test that you're looking for, here's a table of contents so you can easily jump to the section you want: Format of US History Subject Test Types of Questions on US History Subject Test Concepts Tested on US History Subject Test Where to Find Practice Questions and Tests How to Study for the US History Subject Test Test-Taking Tips When to Take the US History Subject Test What Is the Format of the US History Subject Test? Like all Subject Tests, SAT US History is 60 minutes. Within that hour, it asks you 90 multiple-choice questions. Clearly, you'll have to develop your skills in answering questions quickly and efficiently! There are five answer choices per question, and the questions generally fall into three main types. What Types of Questions Are On the Test? The three main types of questions on the SAT US History are Recall questions, Analysis questions, and Using Data questions. Recall Questions Recall questions are relatively straightforward. They test your knowledge of specific facts, terms, and concepts. The following is a typical example of a "recall" question: One purpose of the Marshall Plan of 1948 was to A) rebuild European economies to make communism less appealing. B) aid the depressed agricultural economies of Latin American nations. C) aid communist nations that would agree to embrace democracy. D) give military aid to those nations resisting communist subversion. E) help the peoples of Asia establish heavy industries. This question doesn't ask you to analyze or use data- either you have knowledge about the Marshall Plan of 1948 or you're out of luck (though you might be able to use the year, 1948, to make an educated guess). The correct answer is A) rebuild European economies. Analysis Questions Analysis questions also require your knowledge of a time period, important figures, or notable events, but they go one step further by asking you to apply that knowledge to analyze or interpret presented information, such as a quotation, map, graph, or cartoon. For instance, the following question gives a quote from the 1840's and asks you what idea it expresses, rather than simply asking for a description of the idea itself. "If the Creator had separated Texas from the Union by mountain barriers, the Alps or the Andes, there might be plausible objections; but He has planned down the whole [Mississippi] Valley including Texas, and united every atom of the soil and every drop of the water of the mighty whole. He has linked their rivers with the great Mississippi, and marked and united the whole for the dominion of one government, the residence of one people." This quotation from the 1840s can be viewed as an expression of A) The New Nationalism B) popular sovereignty C) Manifest Destiny D) the Good Neighbor policy E) the frontier thesis You can see how this question requires you to interpret a quotation and place it in context of a historical trend. The correct answer for this (wildly outdated) quotation is C) Manifest Destiny. Using Data Questions The third type of question asks you to relate given data to history or to evaluate it. Data can be anything from a chart to a graph to a picture, like this famous image: Rosie the Riveter is, of course, referring to A) the contribution of women to the defense industry. Answering these recall, analysis, and data questions on the SAT US History calls upon the following skills. Anticipated Skills on the SAT US History These anticipated skills go along with the three types of questions. They are Historical concepts, cause-effect relationships, geography, and other data that you need for understanding major historical developments Concepts of historical analysis Ability to use knowledge to interpret data in maps, graphs, charts, and cartoons You can probably see how these skills will be applied to recall, analysis, and using data questions. Now that you're familiar with the types of questions you'll see and the skills you need to answer them, what about the content on the test? Just how much US history do you need to know? What Does the US History Test Cover? The US History Subject Test ranges over several hundred years, from pre-Columbian history to the American Revolution to the Industrial Revolution to the present. Most of the focus is on the years after 1790, though there is a small portion that has to do with earlier history. The exam includes political, economic, social, and cultural history, as well as foreign policy. Political and social history are emphasized more than the others. The College Board gives the following breakdown of material and time periods: Political history 31–35% Economic history 13–17% Social history 20–24% Intellectual and cultural history 13–17% Foreign policy 13–17% Periods % of Test Pre-Columbian history to 1789 20% 1790 to 1898 40% 1899 to the present 40% US History Subject Test Prep Materials Now that you're familiar with the content and format of the test, let's talk about where you can find high-quality practice questions. Then we'll discuss the best ways to study effectively and strategies for succeeding on the test. Test Prep Books Official practice questions are always the gold standard when it comes to books for SAT test prep, so you can immediately look to the College Board. Their book includes two previously administered full-length practice tests, along with detailed answer explanations. While this book is a good review, it's definitely not a replacement for staying focused throughout US History class. You'll need a solid foundation of historical knowledge in order to use this book effectively. Books that offer a more detailed review of US History are Barron's and Princeton Review. Barron's has three full-length tests and a diagnostic test at the beginning to gauge your starting point. Its 40 or so chapters are divided by historical era. Two cons about Barron's: it gives so much information that you might be studying needless facts and figures, and a lot of students say its questions are unnecessarily complex. Since you probably don't have a ton of time for Subject Test prep, you want to make sure you're getting the best results from your study time. Princeton Review also gives a solid comprehensive overview, along with two full-length SAT US History practice tests in the book and an additional one online. It's a good resource in conjunction with your history class- just watch out for any questions that seem outdated. Starting out with official practice questions might help you develop your eye for this. Kaplan is another option, but it's not your best resource. A lot of the questions are just too easy, so you'll probably get an unrealistic idea of your score from using its practice tests. I would recommend Kaplan the least for truly preparing for the US History Subject Test. Finally, if you're taking AP US History around the same time as the SAT US History, you might want to check out No Bull Review: For Use with the AP US History Exam and SAT Subject Test. Keep in mind this book is not specific to the SAT Subject Test, but offers you strategies for combining your test prep, along with a review of history that will show up on both tests. To sum up, if you're studying with books, check out College Board first, then Barron's and/or Princeton Review. Kaplan is not that helpful. For those of you also taking AP US History, No Bull Review can be a good supplemental resource. What about online practice questions? Online Practice Questions Again, your first go-to should be College Board. Here it has 29 official practice questions and answer explanations. It also gives you some more practice questions and general advice in this PDF, though you'll have to self-correct and self-score them. This site, 4tests.com, has 34 decent practice questions. They are a good, quick review that you can do and see them scored automatically. Another site with a lot of online practice questions can be found here. It also has some helpful PDF downloads with key term glossaries and general review study guides. Finally, you can check out US history practice questions at Varsity Tutors which consists of several diagnostic tests for the US History Subject Test. Study Tips and Techniques for the US History Subject Test Whether you're using test prep books, online practice questions, or a combination, you want to make sure you're studying in the way that's most effective for you and your learning style. The following are some study techniques that will help you be truly ready for the SAT US History. #1: Keep Up in Class SAT US History covers a huge time period. It requires knowledge that spans several hundred years, and this knowledge takes time to learn, an entire year or more of studying US history in class. Keeping up in class is essential to building a strong foundation of knowledge, as well as the skills of analysis and data interpretation that will be called upon in the Subject Test. One way to keep yourself accountable would be to get an SAT US History test prep book in the beginning of the year, and use it for review as you go along through the course. This way you can reinforce the information and ensure that you can recall or apply it when answering Subject Test practice questions. Gradual review over the year will be hugely helpful, and then you can do some more focused studying a couple months before the test, and really ramp up your studying two to three weeks before. #2: Befriend the Practice Test Practice tests are the best way to get ready. They don't just help keep you sharp and able to recall content and apply your skills, but they'll also help you develop your time management and pacing. Remember, the test asks 90 questions in only 60 minutes! The Subject Tests don't change a huge deal from year to year, so any and all practice questions you can find will be helpful in some way (keeping in mind the recommendations I gave above). There's a huge difference between passive studying and active test-taking. Taking practice tests will put your knowledge into action, as well as help you gauge your progress and identify which areas you need to focus more on. #3: Score Your Practice Tests Make sure to score your tests and understand the answer explanations. If you make a mistake or don't know a question, you should write that one down in a notebook so you can go back to it and fill in the gaps in your knowledge. By periodically checking in throughout the year with SAT US History practice tests, you can gauge your progress and see your improvement over the year. Then you can really ramp it up in the weeks before the test. #4: Analyze Your Wrong Answers To repeat the point, you don't want to just score your test and move on. This score is a signal to you and what you know and what you need to learn. You should figure out why you missed the question. Was it lack of knowledge, a wrong guess, or carelessness? If the first, you should brush up on your understanding. Reread that section of history and take notes on it. If the second, work on refining your process of elimination skills. If you find yourself overly rationalizing or justifying an answer, it's probably a "distractor"- there's only one 100% correct answer choice. Figure out what was distracting you and get to the core of what the answer choices are communicating. Finally, if the error was due to carelessness, continued practicing will help you improve your ability to read and comprehend a question and answer it quickly and efficiently. That's why timing yourself is such a good idea when taking practice tests. Which leads me to my next suggestion... #5: Simulate Testing Conditions Practice tests will give you the best "real test" experience if you simulate the testing conditions you'll encounter on test day. Give yourself exactly 60 minutes, no more, no less, and sit in a quiet space with few distractions. After all your studying, you want to make sure you'll be able to get to all the questions and answer them thoroughly in the hour you'll be given. Apart from practice tests and class materials, are there any other approaches you can take to learning the material? #6: Get Creative In Your Studying History involves a ton of reading and note-taking. If you find yourself feeling disengaged, you might want to try other approaches to make history come to life and engage with it in ways that are interesting to you. Reading aloud or watching documentaries, like on American Experience, could be a good way to supplement your understanding throughout the year. Of course, these shouldn't be your main focus in the weeks leading up to the test, but try to find creative ways that will keep you interested in the people, places, and events of American history. Test-Taking Strategies for the US History Subject Test Beyond these study techniques, let's talk about some other important strategies you need to know to master the US History Subject Test. #1: Note the Chronological Order of Questions Questions on the US History Subject Test are grouped into 8 to 12 questions that go in chronological order. When a new grouping starts, you'll see a sharp change in the time period. Understanding the time frame will help you comprehend the question, so pay attention to these groupings to make sure your head is in the right era. #2: Use Process of Elimination The US History SAT Subject Test deducts 1/4 of a point for every wrong answer, so you want to be strategic in how you answer the questions. If you can eliminate even one answer as incorrect, then I would recommend making your best educated guess. Even if your mind goes blank after reading a question, you can generally apply your knowledge to eliminate wrong answers. While they are designed to all sound plausible, keep a sharp eye and look for "distractors" or answer choices that are irrelevant to the time period or content at hand. #3: Take Time to Comprehend the Question On a similar note, you want to make sure you really comprehend what the question is asking. Look for key words like EXCEPT or NOT, as well as superlatives like best, worst, all, none, always, or never. As you get better with time management, you'll be able to quickly get to the root of a question and its accompanying answer choices. Finally, now that you know where to find practice materials, how to use them, and these test-taking strategies, when exactly should you take the US History Subject Test? When to Take the US History Subject Test The SAT US History Subject test is offered in August, October, November, December, May, and June, and the College Board recommends that you have at least a year of a college prep US History class before taking the exam. If you're taking AP US History, then you should be well prepared to take the test at the end of the year, and can combine your studying for both the AP test and the SAT. However, you can definitely do well even if you haven't taken AP. It's best to take the test at the end of the school year. Remember, you can't take the Subject Tests on the same day as the SAT, but you can take up to three Subject Tests on one test date. My recommendation for US History would be the June test date. You can read more about out other considerations for when to take the SAT Subject Tests and the full list of test dates here. By keeping up in class, identifying and filling in your knowledge gaps, and prepping with practice questions, you'll be well prepared to conquer the US History Subject Test. What's Next? What's a good score for an SAT Subject Test? Actually, that depends on the Subject Test. Read about the good scores for each one here, along with what you need to know to get ahead of the curve. Want to learn more about specific US History topics? We have discussions of Ida Lewis, the Platt Amendment, checks and balances, and how the executive branch checks the judicial branch. For some quirkier topics, check out our articles about the histories of the 3-hole punch and hip hop and the story of the Loomis Fargo heist. Are you also prepping for the SAT? Use these free official SAT practice tests as you get ready for the test. Need a little extra help prepping for your Subject Tests? We have the industry's leading SAT Subject Test prep programs (for all non-language Subject Tests). Built by Harvard grads and SAT Subject Test full or 99th %ile scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so that you get the most effective prep possible. Learn more about our Subject Test products below:

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Environmental and global health issues - Essay Example Health care centers and nurses became very active and strict precautionary measures were taken for the controlling of the disease. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome is a viral lung disease which is caused by coronavirus often referred to as SARS –CoV. It is serious or an extreme case of pneumonia. A person suffering from SARS will have to face severe difficulty in breathing and sometimes may even face death. The first case of SARS was found in Asia in 2003 and within a few months it spread in numerous countries all over the world. It is a well-studied example of a communicable disease and a disease that can spread easily due to the travelling of people to other countries. The breakout of SARS in 2003 was a very serious one and it took almost all the countries of the world and a total of 8,098 people were affected and out of these 774 people died. But now SARS have become totally under control but the virus still exists in the hosts which are animals and there are always chances that the virus can again return to the humans. The severity of SARS is greater in people of older age as compared to younger and middle aged people (Serradell, 2005). The symptoms of SARS are similar to that of common cold but those symptoms are much more severe as compared to those that of cold. SARS has no definite cure or medicine but it can be prevented by taking precautionary measures like avoiding communication with the patient, frequent hand washing, eating food rich in vitamin C, and other such measures. The epidemiological indicators of the SARS rife and the ways for the prevention, control, and complete eradication of SARS include gestation period, time period of communicability, mode of transference of the epidemic agent, risk factors involved in the transmission of the virus, environment, ways of reserving animals and the prevention of SARS (Stewart, 2004). The various countries in which the outbreak of SARS occurred